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ANIMALS IN PRISON @ JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU

 

ANIMALS IN PRISON 

JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU (1889-1964), India's First Prime Minister was popular among the children as 'Chacha Nehru'. He was a man of rare sensitivity. Educated at Horrow and Cambridge University, he became a barrister after studying Natural Science and Law and Returned to India in 1921. Deeply influenced by Mahatma Gandhi, he joined Indian Politics and soon emerged as a leader of the country's youth. However, he was not a mere politician;  he was also a dreamer, idealist, humanist and artist in words as well. His works- An Autobiography, The Discovery of India, Glimpses of World History and Letters from a Father to his Daughter- are remarkable for a rare vigour and beauty. They establish him as a master of English prose. While in prison before Independence, he read books, observed nature, dreamt at times, and wrote in his powerful and poetic style about all that he thought and felt.His elegant poetical prose is best captured in his autobiography. The following extract, taken from An Autobiography, reveals Nehru's love for nature. It is remarkable how he derives pleasure from watching different animals and gives respect even to the tiniest animals. The piece is a wonderful of 'live and let live'.

 

ANIMALS IN PRISON 

       

1. For fourteen and a half months lived in my little cell or room in the Dehra Dun Gaol, and I began to feel as if I was almost a part of it . I was familiar with every bit of it: l knew every mark and dent on the whitewashed walls and on the uneven floor and the ceiling with its moth-eaten rafters. In the little yard outside I greeted little tufts of grass and odd bits of stone as old friends.I was not alone in my cell, for several colonies of wasps and hornets  lived there, and many lizards found a home behind the rafters, emerging in the evenings in search of prey .If thoughts and emotions leave their traces behind in the physical surroundings, the very air of that cell must be thick with them, and they must cling to every object in little space.
2. I had had better cell in other prisons, but in Dehra Dun I had one Privilege which was very precious to me. The gaol proper was a very small one, and we were kept in an old lock-up outside the gaol walls, but within the gaol compound. This place was so small that there was no room to walk about in it and so we were allowed, morning and evening, to go out and walk up and down in front of the gate, a distance of about hundred yards, we remained in the gaol compound , but this coming outside the walls gave us a view of the mountains and the fields and a public road at some distance. This was not a special privilege for me; it was common for all the A and B Class prisoners kept at Dehra Dun. Within the compound, but outside the gaol walls, there was another Small building called the European Lock-up .This had no enclosing wall, and a person inside the cell could have a fine view of the mountains and the life outside. European convicts and others kept here were also allowed to walk in front of the gaol gate every morning and evening. 
3.  

Q5 Indian Civilization And Culture.

Indian Civilization And Culture

Mahatma Gandhi

 

Q5. 

How did our ancestors view large cities? Why were they satisfied with small villages?

Ans:- According to the lesson our ancestors saw that happiness was largely a mental condition. They further reasoned that people would not be happy in the large cities or there are many evil persons. That's why they were satisfied with small villages.

12th Lesson-1 Short & Long Question and Answer of Indian Civilization & Culture.

Indian Civilization And Culture

Mahatma Gandhi

Q4. 

Why According to Gandhi, Have we stuck with the same kind of Plough as existed thousands of year ago? Should we do the same thing even today?

 

Ans:- 

According to the lesson Gandhiji Said we have managed  with the same kind of plough as existed thousand of years ago. We can invent machinery but our forefathers knew that if we set our hearts after such things,we would became slave.

12th Lesson-1 Short & Long Question and Answer of Indian Civilization & Culture.

 

Indian Civilization And Culture

Mahatma Gandhi 

 

Q3.Why did our ancestors dissuade us from luxuries and pleasures? Did they do the right thing?

Ans:- According to the lesson our ancestors Feel that a man is  not necessarily happy because he is rich or a man who is poor is unhappy. The rich are often seen to be unhappy and the poor to be happy.Observing all this things our ancestors dissuaded us from luxuries and pleasures. They were perfectly right in their observance and action. 

https://sikshalay.blogspot.com/2020/04/12th-lesson-1-short-long-question.html

12th Lesson-1 Short & Long Question & Answer of Indian Civilization & Culture

 Indian Civilization & Culture 

Mahatma Gandhi

Q2. Why does Gandhi say that "mind is a restless bird?"What makes the mind restless?

Ans:-  According to mahatma Gandhi "Mind is a restless bird", because the more it gets the more it wants and still remains unsatisfied. Our needs are unending. The more we indulge in our passions, the more unbridled they become.

12th Lesson-1 Short & Long Question & Answer of Indian Civilization & Culture

 

 Indian Civilization & Culture 

Mahatma Gandhi 

Q1. How is Indian civilization different अलग from European civilization? 

Ans:- According to this lesson, there is a basic difference between the Indian civilization and European civilization.The tendency झुकाव of Indian civilization is to elevate ऊपर उठाना the moral नैतिक being but the western civilization propogates फैलाना immorality अनैतिकता.

https://sikshalay.blogspot.com/2019/10/indian-civilization-and-culture-mahatma.html

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

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The Present Continuous Tense is used to express an action which is 'on-going / still going on.

It is used to express an action going on at the time of speaking. For example, a girl says "I am reading his letter" .

Positive:-

Subject + Is/Am/Are + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.)  

Negative :-

Subject + Is/Am/Are + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (.)  

Interrogative:-

 Is/Am/Are + Subject + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (?) 

Interrogative & Negative:-

 Is/Am/Are + Subject + Not + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + (?) 

Rule

1.  इस Tense का प्रयोग उस कार्य के लिए होता है जो बोलने वक़्त 
     जारी हो |

    जैसे - She is playing in the Room.

             Ram is going to market.
2.   इस Tense का प्रयोग कार्य करने के इरादे या संभावना का भी बोध  
     करने के लिए होता है इससे Future Time का भाव व्यक्त होता है | 
  जैसे -  I am going to die.

            I am going to buy a Car.
            We are going to play the Match. 
3. Helping Verb को Subject के पहले रखकर Interrogative Sentence 
    बनाया जाता है | 
4. Am का प्रयोग I के साथ तथा Are का प्रयोग We,They,You तथा  
    अन्य Plural Nouns के साथ किया जाता है | 
5. Is का प्रयोग He,She,It तथा अन्य Third Person Singular Nouns 
    के साथ किया जाता है | 
 जैसे -  I am writing a letter.

           He is reading a novel.
           They are flying kites.

Note:- निम्नलिखित Verbs का प्रयोग Present Continuous Tense में 
           नहीं होता है | 
(a) Verbs of Perception: See,hear,smell,notice,feel,taste.
(b) Verbs of appearing :- Appear,look,seem.
(c) Verbs of emotion,state of mind or thinking: want,wish,
      desire,feel,like,love,hate,hope,doubt,believe,      disbelieve,think,suppose,agree,consider,
      remember,forget,know,understand,mind,mean.

जैसे - He knows me well.
         I understand it.
         I Believe it. 

https://rkshrivastav.blogspot.com/2019/12/tense.html

















 

VERB (दि वर्ब )

The Verb

दि  वर्ब 

What is  verb.

Ans:- The verb is a word used to express some action,feeling or existence. It tell us something about the subject in a sentence.  

Examples:-

Sita reads a book.               (Action)

I feel Cold.                          (Experience)

There are two type of verb.

(1) Main Verb.

(2) Helping Verb.

(1)  Main Verb की संख्या Unlimited है |  इनके पांच Form होते हैं | 

(2)

 

USE OF THE (THE का इस्तेमाल)

USE OF THE 

THE का इस्तेमाल

The को Definite Article कहते हैं इसका प्रयोग Noun के पहले होता है जो खास या निश्चित हो तथा जिसके बारे मैं बोलने वाला और सुनने वाला जनता हो | The का प्रयोग Countable Noun ( Singular & Plural) और uncountable noun के साथ होता है | यहाँ पर यह ध्यान रखा जाना चाहिए की उस Noun से पहले Certain Noun का बोध होता हो | 

1. The का Use जाति  का बोध कराने के लिए Singular Countable Noun     के पहले होता है |

2. पूरी जाति अथवा समुदाय का बोध कराने  के लिए General Universal Sense मे Plural Noun के पहले The का प्रयोग नहीं होता है |  
जैसे :-
The Cow Gives Milk.
Cow give milk.
The Dog is faithful.
परन्तु Plural Noun के पहले The का प्रयोग अवश्य होगा अगर उससे खास /निश्चित / Noun का बोध हो | 
जैसे :-
The boys of this school are very intelligent.
The books you gave me are very useful.